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Editor’s note: Despite the publication of practical guidelines for population screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) in various countries, it appears that no single screening test is superior and there are discrepancies in defining the best strategy to be used. Authorities in some countries have opted for guaiac fecal occult blood testing (gFOBT), while others have considered endoscopy to be more effective in view of the low sensitivity of gFOBT. There is also a lack of agreement regarding the frequency of FOBT and sigmoidoscopy screening, and whether there is enough evidence to recommend other tests (e.g. fecal DNA tests, double barium enema tests, or computed tomography colonography).