Although once the remit of only mycologists, hematologists, and oncologists, invasive fungal infections (IFI) are rapidly moving onto the radar of a much wider range of clinicians since chronic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, congenital immunodeficiencies, and various diseases associated with treatment-related immunosuppression are now well recognized as risk factors. Moreover, additional risk factors, such as iron overload, are starting to emerge. At the 4th Trends in Medical Mycology (TIMM-4) congress, >1000 delegates considered how different specialties can work together to address the triple challenge of changing patterns of infection, growing numbers of at-risk patients, and emerging resistance to commonly used antifungal agents.